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针对黄淮海麦玉两熟区连年旋耕造成耕层变浅、作物根系下扎浅、易涝易旱和水分利用效率(WUE)低等问题,研究了旋耕-深耕轮耕和灌溉方式对小麦、玉米叶面积指数(LAI)、干物质积累、产量构成和WUE的影响。结果表明:连续5年旋耕后深耕,冬小麦出苗率、冬前单株分蘖和最大分蘖分别提高了11.5%、3.6%和6.4%,明显提高了小麦、玉米的LAI,周年干物质、产量和WUE分别提高了8.8%~19.9%、6.7%~13.1%和12.2%;与全灌相比,隔畦交替灌溉的小麦、玉米的LAI、干物质积累没有显著降低,周年产量仅减少了2.7%,WUE却提高了10.5%,达到27.9kg/hm2·mm。这表明连年旋耕后深耕促进小麦、玉米生长,提高产量,隔畦交替灌溉有利于提高小麦、玉米周年WUE。
In order to solve the problem that rotary tillage in Huang-Huai-Hai-Mai-Yu double-cropping area resulted in shallowing of arable layer, shallow stemming, easy drought and waterlogging and low water use efficiency (WUE) Wheat, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Dry Matter Accumulation, Yield Components and WUE. The results showed that the LAI, annual dry matter, annual dry matter yield, and grain yield of winter wheat increased significantly by 11.5%, 3.6% and 6.4% respectively after deep plowing for 5 years. WUE increased by 8.8% -19.9%, 6.7% -13.1% and 12.2%, respectively. Compared with full irrigation, LAI and dry matter accumulation of wheat and maize with irrigated sedge separately did not decrease significantly, annual yield decreased by only 2.7% , WUE increased by 10.5% to 27.9kg / hm2 · mm. This shows that after successive years of tillage to promote wheat, corn growth, increase yield, alternate irrigation is conducive to improve the annual WUE of wheat and corn.