形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义、奢靡之风的产生,既有深刻的社会历史根源,亦有现实诸种原因。从社会历史根源来看,官僚主义是伴随着管理权与社会基层生产活动相对分离而出现的。这不是“政治歧视”造成的,仅仅是管理形式所决定的。到目前为止,人类所能实践的管理形式,从理论上看所谓扁平式管理最好,但实践中任何一个较大的组织——无论经济组织还是政治组织——都只能是金字塔形的管理,越往上职位越少,直接从事管 The emergence of formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and extravagance has both profound social and historical roots as well as various reasons. From the perspective of social history, bureaucratism appears along with the relative separation of management power and grass-roots social productive activities. This is not caused by “political discrimination” but merely by the form of management. So far, the form of management that mankind can practice is ideally the so-called flat management, but any larger organization in practice, whether economic or political, can only be pyramid-shaped , The more up the post less direct management