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近自然经营是当今一种兼顾森林可持续发展和发挥森林多种效益的经营方式之一。为了研究近自然经营对不同林龄人工油松林水源涵养能力的影响,文章以燕山北麓旺业甸林场为研究地点,采用野外调查与室内浸水试验的方法,对其林下枯落物层和土壤层水源涵养能力进行测定。结果表明:(1)近自然经营下油松人工林的枯落物蓄积量、有效拦蓄量高于当地常规经营下的林分,但低于未经营的林分。(2)近自然经营改善了人工油松林土壤的水源涵养能力,其中,近自然经营下的土壤毛管孔隙度与土壤蓄水量均大于未经营与常规经营。(3)从综合情况来看,林地的土壤和枯落物水源涵养能力表现为近自然经营(1662.42t/hm~2)>未经营(1526.12t/hm~2)>常规经营(1379.18 t/hm~2)。因此,近自然经营有利于提高人工油松林的水源涵养能力。
Near-nature management is one of today’s modes of operation that takes into account the sustainable development of forests and the multiple benefits of forests. In order to study the effect of near-natural management on the water conservation ability of artificial-aged Pinus tabulaeformis forest at different ages, this paper took the field of Waduyamadian Forest Farm on the northern foot of Yanshan Mountain as the research site. Field investigation and indoor immersion test were used to study the litter layer and Soil layer water conservation ability determination. The results showed as follows: (1) The litter volume and effective interception capacity of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation near natural management were higher than those under local routine operation, but lower than those of unmanaged forest. (2) Nearly natural management improved the water conservation ability of artificial pine forest soil. Among them, the capillary porosity and soil water storage under near natural operation were larger than those of non-operation and conventional operation. (3) From a comprehensive point of view, the water conservation capacity of soil and litter in forest land is nearly natural operation (1662.42t / hm2)> non-operation (1526.12t / hm2)> conventional operation (1379.18 t / hm ~ 2). Therefore, near natural management is conducive to improving the water conservation capacity of artificial pine forests.