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目的探讨运动干预对智力残疾学生身体形态、生理功能的影响,为改善智力残疾学生体质提供依据。方法采用体质监测、文献资料调研和数理统计、对比分析等方法,将北京市3所培智学校87名智力残疾学生随机分为干预组与对照组,分别测试运动干预前、后身体形态、生理功能、身体素质与平衡能力指标。结果实施运动干预12个月后,干预组身体形态各项指标均略高于对照组,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);2组生理功能指标、握力及立定跳远指标差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);单足闭眼及单足睁眼时间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论运动干预使智力残疾学生的身体形态有“更强壮”的趋势,可显著提高智力残疾学生的身体生理功能及上、下肢肌肉力量。
Objective To explore the effect of exercise intervention on the physical shape and physiological function of students with mental retardation and to provide the basis for improving the constitution of students with mental disabilities. Methods Eighty-seven students with mental disability in three Peizhi schools in Beijing were randomly divided into intervention group and control group by means of physical monitoring, literature research, mathematical statistics and comparative analysis. Physical fitness, Function, physical fitness and balance ability indicators. Results After 12-month exercise intervention, the body shape of each intervention group was slightly higher than that of the control group (P> 0.05). There were significant differences in physical function, grip strength and standing long jump between the two groups Statistical significance (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in single-eye closed eyesight and single-legged open eyesight (P> 0.05). Conclusion Exercise intervention can make the body shape of students with mental disabilities have a tendency of “stronger”, which can significantly improve the physical function of upper hand and lower limb muscles of students with mental retardation.