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新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)在全球发生大流行，这是本世纪由冠状病毒导致的第三次传染病暴发及流行，对人类健康构成重大威胁。本文就COVID-19、严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)及中东呼吸综合征(MERS)的临床特征、诊断、预后及预防等进行鉴别分析，以期更好地防治相关疾病。“,”COVID-19 is a global pandemic, which is the third outbreak and epidemic of infectious disease caused by coronavirus in this century and constitutes a major threat to human health.In this paper, COCOVID-19, Severeacute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory syndrome (MERS) were analyzed to distinguish their clinical features, diagnosis, prognosis and prevention, so as to better prevent and treat related diseases.