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采用CuMnCo钎料对YG6C硬质合金与16Mn钢的真空钎焊工艺进行研究。通过三点弯曲试验、光学显微镜观察、扫描电镜及能谱分析等手段研究了真空度、钎焊温度和钎缝间隙对钎焊接头组织和性能的影响。结果表明,钎缝中心区为Cu-Mn基固溶体,两侧界面反应区为Fe-Co基固溶体。真空度、钎焊温度和钎缝间隙对钎焊接头的组织和性能有明显影响。高真空条件下钎焊接头的抗弯强度高于中真空条件下钎焊接头抗弯强度。钎焊温度为1095℃时,钎焊接头的抗弯强度最高。钎焊温度过低时,冶金作用较弱,接头强度较低;钎焊温度过高时,钎料流失较多,接头强度也较低。在高真空以及钎焊温度1095℃、间隙为0.2 mm时,钎焊接头的抗弯强度最高。间隙过小时,钎缝中夹杂物较多,接头强度较低;间隙过大时,Fe、Co原子难以通过长程扩散越过钎缝,冶金作用较弱,接头强度也较低。
The CuMnCo brazing filler metal was used to study the vacuum brazing process of YG6C cemented carbide and 16Mn steel. The effects of vacuum degree, brazing temperature and brazing gap on the microstructure and properties of brazed joints were studied by three-point bending test, optical microscope observation, scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis. The results show that the brazing seam center is Cu-Mn-based solid solution, and the interface reaction zone on both sides is Fe-Co-based solid solution. The degree of vacuum, brazing temperature and brazing gap have a significant effect on the microstructure and properties of brazed joints. The flexural strength of brazed joints under high vacuum conditions is higher than the flexural strength of brazed joints under medium vacuum conditions. When the brazing temperature is 1095 ℃, the flexural strength of the brazed joint is the highest. When the brazing temperature is too low, the metallurgical effect is weak, and the joint strength is low; when the brazing temperature is too high, the brazing material will be lost more and the joint strength will be lower. At high vacuum and brazing temperature of 1095 ℃, clearance of 0.2 mm, the highest bending strength of brazed joints. When the gap is too small, there are more inclusions in the brazing seam and lower joint strength. When the gap is too large, it is difficult for the Fe and Co atoms to cross the brazing seam through long-range diffusion with weak metallurgical effect and low joint strength.