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以26年生梨树园为试验对象,设生草、覆草、覆地膜(覆膜)、覆遮阳网(覆网)、覆无纺布(覆布)5个处理,以清耕为对照,用ECH2O土壤监测系统,对不同深度土壤温度进行连续监测,分析和研究了覆盖技术对土壤温度的影响,以探索果园土壤管理技术,为进一步提高库尔勒香梨生产效率奠定基础。结果表明:果园地面各种覆盖方式均有调节土壤温度的效果,覆盖对土壤表层的土壤温度调节效果明显,土层越深土壤温度的调节作用越小;与清耕相比,覆膜的表层土壤平均温度高1.8℃,覆布、覆网、生草和覆草低0.3、0.6、1.7℃和2.1℃;0~20cm土层覆膜的温度高1.2℃,覆布和覆草分别低0.5℃和2.6℃;20~40cm土层温度覆膜的高1.8℃,覆草和覆布分别低2.3℃和0.3℃;40~60cm土层覆膜的高1.0℃,覆草和覆布分别低2.5℃和0.8℃;在浅层土壤昼夜温差依次生草>清耕>覆膜>覆布>覆网>覆草,20~60cm土层各处理昼夜温差较小,在0.2~0.6℃之间,覆膜、覆布、覆网和覆草均可缩小土壤温差,防止土壤温度剧烈变化,其中覆草的土壤温度变幅较小。
Taking 26-year-old pears orchards as the test object, five treatments including raw grass, straw mulching, cover film mulching, covering shade netting (covering) and covering non-woven fabric (covering) ECH2O soil monitoring system was used to continuously monitor soil temperature at different depths. The influence of soil cover technology on soil temperature was analyzed and studied to explore the orchard soil management technology, which laid the foundation for further improving the production efficiency of Korla pear. The results showed that: All kinds of covering ways of orchard ground have the effect of regulating soil temperature, and the covering effect on soil temperature of soil surface is obvious. The regulation effect of soil temperature on the soil surface is smaller. Compared with tillage, The average soil temperature was 1.8 ℃, the coverage, netting, grass and grass cover were 0.3, 0.6, 1.7 ℃ and 2.1 ℃ respectively. The temperature of 0-20cm soil cover was 1.2 ℃, ℃ and 2.6 ℃, respectively. The height of 20-40 cm soil layer was 1.8 ℃, the coverage of mulch and soil was 2.3 ℃ and 0.3 ℃ respectively, and the height of 40-60 cm soil layer was 1.0 ℃. 2.5 ℃ and 0.8 ℃. The temperature difference between day and night in the shallow soil followed by grass planting, tillage and mulching, covering, covering and netting. The temperature difference between day and night in 20 ~ 60cm soil layer was small, ranging from 0.2 to 0.6 ℃ Covering, covering, covering and covering grass can reduce soil temperature difference and prevent the temperature of soil from changing drastically.