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由于高分子薄膜和超薄膜的空间效应和界面效应显著,其结晶行为与本体相比具有很大的差别。本文综述了近年来关于高分子在薄膜和超薄膜中特殊结晶行为的研究进展,重点介绍了晶体取向与薄膜厚度的关系。随着膜厚的减小,界面吸附作用对侧立片晶的抑制作用增强,导致晶体取向由侧立转变为平躺。超薄膜中晶体生长受扩散机理控制,其形态不稳定,变为树枝状晶体。在超薄膜中晶体的生长速率随着膜厚的减小而减小,当膜厚小于片晶厚度时,减小的趋势变缓。
Due to the significant spatial and interfacial effects between polymer films and ultrathin films, the crystallization behavior is quite different from that of ontology. In this paper, the recent progress on the special crystallization behavior of polymers in thin films and ultrathin films is reviewed. The relationship between the crystal orientation and the film thickness is also highlighted. With the decrease of the film thickness, the interfacial adsorption enhances the inhibitory effect on the smectic crystal, resulting in the crystal orientation changing from side to lying. The growth of the ultra-thin film in the crystal is controlled by the diffusion mechanism and its morphology is unstable and becomes dendritic. The growth rate of the crystal in the ultra-thin film decreases with the decrease of the film thickness. When the thickness of the film is less than the thickness of the lamella, the decreasing tendency decreases.