「贫女吟」和「玉造小町子壮衰书」是两部诞生于平安时期的日本汉诗作品。两部的主题的不尽相同,但有一共同的特点:都以女性人生的盛衰起落为内容。这种对女性人生变化的注视,明显受自居易的诗篇影响。但是,女性的人生之“变”之所以能成为引发人们感叹的题材,进而成为佛家无常观说教的例证,却与其社会形态本身分不开。本文试图从该时期的婚姻、家庭形态的角度对平安文学中的女性形象以及和白诗的关系作一些背景性的探讨。 Poverty Alleviating and Yuma Komatsu Zi Zhuangshu are two works of Japanese poetry born in peace time. The two themes are different, but have one common feature: the ebb and flow of female life as the content. This gaze on the changes in women’s lives is clearly influenced by the self-serving poem. However, the reason why women’s “change ” can become the subject that causes people to sigh and then become the example of Buddhism’s momentary observation and preaching is inseparable from its social form itself. This article tries to make some background discussions on the female images in Ping An Literature and the relationship with the white poems from the perspective of marriage and family form during this period.