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目的分析烟台市2014年大学新生戊型肝炎(戊肝)病毒感染情况和对戊肝认知情况,为戊肝防控策略的制定提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法抽取烟台市3所大学1 000名2014年入学新生,采集血清,检测抗-HEV IgM和IgG。结果新入校大学生抗-HEV IgM阳性率为0.2%(2/1 000),抗-HEV IgG阳性率为2.8%(28/1 000)。不同性别、年龄、生源地之间的大学新生感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。15.0%(150/1 000)的大学生听说过戊肝,仅有6.5%(65/1 000)的大学生对戊肝有正确认知。49.8%(498/1 000)的大学生认为戊肝可以通过接种疫苗来预防,37.8%(378/1 000)的大学生愿意接种戊肝疫苗。结论烟台市大学新生戊肝保护性抗体水平较低,对戊肝知晓率较低,且不良生活习惯较多,具有高感染风险,为戊肝防控的重点人群。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in new university students in Yantai in 2014 and their cognition of hepatitis E, and provide the basis for the development of hepatitis E prevention and control strategies. Methods A total of 1 000 freshmen from 2014 in Yantai City were recruited by cluster sampling method. Serum was collected for detection of anti-HEV IgM and IgG. Results The positive rate of anti-HEV IgM was 0.2% (2/1 000) and the positive rate of anti-HEV IgG was 2.8% (28/1 000). There was no significant difference in infection rates among freshmen in different genders, ages and places of origin (P> 0.05). 15.0% (150/1 000) of university students heard of hepatitis E, and only 6.5% (65/1 000) of college students had a correct understanding of hepatitis E. 49.8% (498/1000) of university students believe that hepatitis E can be prevented by vaccination, and 37.8% (378/1000) of college students are willing to receive hepatitis E vaccine. Conclusion The freshmen of Yantai City have a low level of protective antibodies against hepatitis E, a low awareness rate of hepatitis E, and a high incidence of unhealthy habits.