采用2×2×2匹配分组实验设计,以176名初中三年级学生为被试,探讨了源问题呈现方式对中学生认知负荷及类比推理的影响。结果表明:(1)归纳、源问题内容相似性和源问题结构清晰性对认知负荷均有显著影响。(2)归纳和源问题结构清晰性对类比推理均有显著影响,且归纳、源问题内容相似性和源问题结构清晰性三者之间在对类比推理的影响上存在交互作用。 Using 2 × 2 × 2 matching group experimental design, 176 junior high school students were tested as subjects, and the influence of source presentation on cognitive load and analogical reasoning of middle school students was discussed. The results showed that: (1) Induction, content similarity of source questions and structure clarity of source questions have significant impact on cognitive load. (2) The structural clarity of the induction and the source problem have significant effects on the analogical reasoning, and there is an interaction between the generalization, the similarity of the content of the source problem and the clarity of the structure of the source problem in the impact on the analogical reasoning.