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该文利用中国1999-2013年制造业面板数据实证研究发现,产业集聚度与产能利用率呈“倒U”型关系,集聚推进带来的正向外部性提高产能利用率,集聚过度带来的负向外部性导致产能利用率下降。集聚地的要素配置效率、行业的技术水平、大企业规模占比越高,越有可能弱化集聚过度带来的负向外部性而提高产能利用率。在制定化解产能过剩政策措施时,应当增强产业空间区域治理能力,推进过度集聚地区市场化水平,提高行业研发投入,针对不同行业采取差异化兼并重组战略。
Employing the empirical study of manufacturing panel data from 1999 to 2013 in China, the paper finds that industrial agglomeration and capacity utilization are in the relationship of “inverted U”, the forward externality of agglomeration promotes the utilization of capacity, the excessive agglomeration Negative externalities lead to lower capacity utilization. Concentration of the elements of the configuration efficiency, the industry’s technical level, the larger the proportion of large enterprises, the more likely the more weakened over-agglomeration of negative externalities and improve capacity utilization. In formulating policies and measures on overcapacity to address overcapacity, we should enhance the capability of regional governance in industrial space, promote the market-orientedness of over-agglomeration areas, increase investment in R & D in industries, and adopt differentiated strategies for mergers and acquisitions for different industries.