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现代汉语使动句是指由使役动词带上宾语作谓语,表致使意义的句子。本文首先对《动词用法词典》中2117条动词义项逐一排查,在描写的基础上归纳出四组与使动句致使意义相匹配的使役动词,提出使役动词的三种形式特征;然后从使动句语义角色和动词的论元成分交叉融合的角度,指出使动句是通过保留、丢弃、增添等表现方式分派句式的表达要素,从而达到句式致使意义的实现;最后结合实例,分析了使动句的语用价值,提出使动句为我们确切表达致使意义提供了句式选择,丰富了汉语致使意义的表达方式。
In modern Chinese, a verb is a sentence in which the verb is brought into the meaning by bringing the verb into action. In this paper, we first investigate 2117 verbal entries in “Verb Usage Dictionaries” one by one. Based on the description, we summarize four sets of causative verbs that match causative senses and propose three formal features of causative verbs. Sentence syntactic role and verb argument elements, it is pointed out that the verb sentence is the expression element of sentence pattern by means of expression of reservation, discard and addition, so as to achieve the realization of sentence meaning. Finally, with examples, Make the pragmatic value of the moving sentence, propose to make the moving sentence provide the sentence choice for the purpose of our exact expression, and enrich the expression of the meaning of the Chinese language.