目的通过对大安市丰水期不同地势的水源水质监测结果单项指标合格率的对比观察,分析并阐述预防性卫生监督工作在农村饮水安全工程建设中的重要作用。方法通过对建在地势低洼处、雨季形成积水坑的水源井与建在地势较高处、雨季不形成积水坑的水源井水质进行色度、浑浊度、臭和味、肉眼可见物、菌落总数、总大肠菌群、铁、锰8项指标监测,对所有检测结果统计整理,率的比较采用χ2检验。结果出厂水和末梢水的浑浊度单项指标合格率:低洼处与地势较高处比较差异有统计学意义(χ2出厂水=4.38,χ2末梢水=3.96,均P<0.05)。菌落总数单项指标合格率:低洼处与地势较高处水源水比较差异有统计学意义(χ2出厂水=3.97,χ2末梢水=4.49,P<0.05)。末梢水的总大肠菌群单项指标合格率:低洼处与地势较高处水源水相比,差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.97,P<0.05)。结论建在低洼处雨季(丰水期)形成积水坑的水源井,其浑浊度和微生物指标合格率较低,存在较为严重的介水疾病传播风险。 Objective To analyze and explain the important role of preventive sanitation supervision in the construction of rural drinking water safety project by comparing and observing the passing rates of individual indicators of water quality monitoring results in different topographical periods during the wet season in Da’an. Methods The water quality of water source wells built in the low lying place, water puddle formed in the rainy season and the water source wells built in the upper part of the terrain and not forming the water puddle during the rainy season were measured by color, turbidity, odor and taste, Colony count, total coliforms, iron, manganese 8 indicators of monitoring, statistics of all test results, the rate of comparison using χ2 test. Results The turbidity of factory water and the end of the water single indicators pass rate: the low-lying and higher terrain compared with the difference was statistically significant (χ2 factory water = 4.38, χ2 peripheral water = 3.96, all P <0.05). The total number of colonies single pass rate: low-lying and high water and water at a statistically significant difference (χ2 factory water = 3.97, χ2 peripheral water = 4.49, P <0.05). Peripheral water of the total coliform individual indicators pass rate: low-lying place and the higher water source water, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 3.97, P <0.05). Conclusions The water source wells that formed water puddles in the low-lying rainy season (wet season) have a low pass rate of turbidity and microorganism indicators, and there is a risk of serious water-borne diseases spreading.