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目的了解江苏省东台市免疫规划疫苗引起的疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转状况及预防接种的安全性。方法对2008 2013年东台市各预防接种点报告的免疫规划疫苗相关AEFI监测情况进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2008 2013年间共报告AEFI病例847例,发生率8.78/万剂次,年龄1周岁以上儿童发生率16.39/万剂次,1周岁内儿童发生率4.71/万剂次,两者差异有统计学意义(χ2=309.28,P<0.05);白破(53.80/万剂次)、麻风(19.79/万剂次)、无细胞百白破(17.92/万剂次)分列发生率的前3位;一般反应的有806例,占95.16%,异常反应39例,占4.6%;病例年龄分布中0岁组占比最高,为35.30%,其次为1岁组,占28.81%;男女性别之比为1.48∶1;发生时间间隔0~2天为728例,占85.95%。结论东台市AEFI信息管理系统监测敏感性高,监测质量还需进一步提高;1周岁以上儿童比1周岁内的儿童易发生AEFI。
Objective To understand the characteristics of suspected immunization (AEFI) caused by immunization vaccine in Dongtai City of Jiangsu Province and to evaluate the operational status of AEFI monitoring system and the safety of vaccination. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis of vaccine-related AEFI surveillance reported in vaccination sites in Dongtai City in 2013 was conducted. Results A total of 847 AEFI cases were reported during 2008-2013, with a frequency of 8.78 / 10 000 doses. The incidence rate of children aged over 1 year was 16.39 per 10,000 doses and that of children aged 1 year was 4.71 per 10,000. The difference was statistically significant Significance (χ2 = 309.28, P <0.05); the incidence of white breaking (53.80 / 10000), leprosy (19.79 / ; 806 cases were common reactions, accounting for 95.16%; 39 cases were abnormal reactions, accounting for 4.6%; the age distribution of patients was 0% in age group, accounting for 35.30%, followed by 1 year old group, accounting for 28.81%; 1.48:1; occurrence interval of 0 to 2 days for the 728 cases, accounting for 85.95%. Conclusion The AEFI information management system of Dongtai City has high sensitivity and needs further improvement in monitoring quality. AEFI is more likely to occur in children over 1 year old than children in 1 year old.