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一、中世纪西欧5—13世纪的政教之争本文虽然主要论述的是中世纪西欧商品经济下的政教斗争,但对于这种新的经济形态出现前世俗政权与基督教会之间的争斗有必要做一番简要的论述,因为中世纪西欧的政教斗争并非只是在商品经济出现以后才表现出来的,它贯穿了整个西欧的中世纪。在中世纪时期,基督教逐步演变成为一个政治实体,“它到处行使的不仅限于宗教的统治,而且行使政治、行政、经济和社会的权力”1,是一个超国家,“教会教条同时
I. The Dispute between the Church and the Church During the Middle Ages in Western Europe From the 5th to the 13th centuries Although this article mainly deals with the political and religious struggles under the Western European commodity economy in the Middle Ages, it is necessary to make a new battle for this new economic form before the secular regime and the Christian Church A brief exposition, because the political and religious struggles in Western Europe in the Middle Ages did not manifest themselves only after the advent of the commodity economy, they permeated the Middle Ages of Western Europe as a whole. In the Middle Ages, Christianity gradually evolved into a political entity. ”“ It is not limited to the exercise of religious authority but also the exercise of political, administrative, economic, and social power. ”1 It is a supranational“ church dogma. ”