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目的了解山东省城乡小学生重点传染病知识、行为和干预方式需求情况,为进一步开展有针对性干预提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样法,对山东省2个县区800名小学生进行问卷调查和行为观察。结果城市小学生肺结核、流行性感冒和流行性腮腺炎相关知识知晓率分别为55.5%、52.5%、38.8%,农村小学生分别为59.4%%、39.9%和39.4%;农村小学生饭前洗手、便后洗手、咳嗽等健康行为形成率分别为81.5%、77.8%、68.5%,城市小学生分别为72.5%、57.2%、54.0%;72.8%城市小学生和65.2%农村小学生希望通过医生获取知识,48.0%城市小学生和47.2%农村小学生希望通过教师获取知识。结论城乡小学生在重点传染病知识掌握程度方面均较低,农村小学生对于重点传染病知识知晓率和行为形成率方面好于城市。
Objective To understand the knowledge, behavior and intervention needs of primary and secondary school students in urban and rural areas in Shandong Province, and to provide basis for further targeted intervention. Methods The multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to investigate the behavior and the survey of 800 primary school students in 2 counties in Shandong Province. Results The rates of awareness of tuberculosis, influenza and mumps were 55.5%, 52.5% and 38.8% in urban primary school students respectively, and 59.4%, 39.9% and 39.4% respectively in rural primary school students. The rates of health behaviors such as hand washing and coughing were 81.5%, 77.8% and 68.5% respectively, and urban pupils were 72.5%, 57.2% and 54.0% respectively; 72.8% urban pupils and 65.2% rural pupils wished to gain knowledge through doctors and 48.0% Pupils and 47.2% of rural primary students want to acquire knowledge through teachers. Conclusions Primary and secondary school students in urban and rural areas have a low level of knowledge of key infectious diseases. Rural primary school students are better than urban in knowledge of key infectious diseases and behavioral formation rate.