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AC133是近几年才发现的膜蛋白它具有独特的5个跨膜域,是一种非常保守的蛋白,从线虫到人有很高的同源性。人类主要在血细胞表达,尤其是造血干/祖细胞。绝大部分AC133~+细胞同时CD34~+。AC133~+细胞具有造血能力,是造血干/祖细胞的标志。AC133在急性白血病细胞中也有表达,可以作为AML的标志。AC133~+细胞还可分化为树突状细胞和血管内皮细胞。虽然,AC133的功能尚不清楚,但由于它具有亮氨酸拉链和酪氨酸,其潜在的功能,如可能参与的细胞信号传导等,所以值得进一步研究。
AC133 is a membrane protein found in recent years It has a unique five transmembrane domains, is a very conserved protein, from nematodes to humans have very high homology. Humans are predominantly expressed in blood cells, especially hematopoietic stem / progenitor cells. Most AC133 ~ + cells at the same time CD34 ~ +. AC133 ~ + cells with hematopoietic ability, is a sign of hematopoietic stem / progenitor cells. AC133 is also expressed in acute leukemia cells and can be used as a marker of AML. AC133 ~ + cells can also differentiate into dendritic cells and vascular endothelial cells. Although the function of AC133 is not clear, it is worth further studying because of its potential function as leucine zipper and tyrosine, such as cellular signal transduction which may be involved.