论文部分内容阅读
本研究探讨滴灌施肥条件下灌水量和施肥量对温室番茄品质的影响,优化陕北地区温室番茄水肥供应技术,为该地区优质番茄生产提供技术支持。通过田间试验,采用完全随机组合方法,试验由3个灌水水平(100%ET,80%ET和60%ET)和3个施肥水平(N-P2O5-K2O分别为240-120-150 kg/hm2,180-90-112.5 kg/hm2和120-60-75 kg/hm2)进行完全随机组合,采用主成分分析法对番茄果实6项品质指标(可溶性糖,维生素C,硝酸盐,糖酸比,有机酸和番茄红素)进行综合评价,提出相对较优的水肥供应量。分析表明,灌水单因素对可溶性糖含量、维生素C和番茄红素的影响极显著(p<0.01),对硝酸盐和有机酸影响显著(p<0.05);在相同施肥水平下,随着灌水量的增加,番茄可溶性糖含量、维生素C、番茄红素、硝酸盐和有机酸含量随着灌水量的增加而降低;施肥单因素对维生素C、硝酸盐和番茄红素的影响极显著(p<0.01),随着施肥量的增加,维生素C、硝酸盐和番茄红素随之增加;水肥供应仅对番茄维生素C、硝酸盐含量和番茄红素含量有显著的交互作用(p<0.05)。主成分分析法表明,灌水量为60%ET和氮磷钾施用量为240-120-150 kg/hm2时得分最高,综合品质相对较优,推荐该处理为陕北地区温室番茄水肥供应技术优选方案,能够为该地区优质番茄生产提供技术支持。
In this study, the effects of irrigation and fertilization on the tomato quality in greenhouse were studied. The technology of supplying water and fertilizer to tomato in greenhouse of North Shaanxi was optimized to provide technical support for the production of high quality tomato in this region. A total of three irrigation levels (100% ET, 80% ET and 60% ET) and three fertilization levels (N-P2O5-K2O of 240-120-150 kg / hm2 , 180-90-112.5 kg / hm2 and 120-60-75 kg / hm2). The six components of tomato fruit (soluble sugar, vitamin C, nitrate, sugar and acid ratio, Organic acids and lycopene) for comprehensive evaluation, put forward a relatively good supply of water and fertilizer. The results showed that single factor of irrigation had significant effect on soluble sugar, vitamin C and lycopene (p <0.01), but had significant effect on nitrate and organic acid (p <0.05). Under the same fertilization level, The content of soluble sugar, vitamin C, lycopene, nitrate and organic acid in tomato decreased with the increase of irrigation volume. The effect of single fertilization on vitamin C, nitrate and lycopene was significant (p <0.01). With the increase of fertilizers, the contents of vitamin C, nitrate and lycopene increased. The water and fertilizer supply only had significant interaction (p <0.05) on the content of vitamin C, nitrate and lycopene in tomato, . The principal component analysis showed that the highest score was obtained when the irrigation amount was 60% ET and NPK was 240-120-150 kg / hm2, and the comprehensive quality was relatively better. It was recommended that the treatment was the optimal technology for water and fertilizer supply of greenhouse tomato in North Shaanxi Program that will provide technical support for high-quality tomato production in the region.