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微小孔径激光器(Very-small-aperture laser,VSAL)是近年发展起来的新型有源纳米激光光源。出射光端面的孔径形状是决定其性能的重要因素之一。多种异形孔径被先后提出并证明能极大地提高VSAL的出射效率。相关研究结果表明,常规孔径形状的通光效率随入射波长的增大急剧下降,但异形孔径的通光效率会出现一个谐振峰,在谐振峰位置通光效率得到了显著的提高。通过改变孔径形状参数或增加表面纳米形貌结构,可以调整纳米孔径本身的谐振波长峰值,改善VSAL的性能。综述了纳米孔径的光谱特性以及利用这种特性优化VSAL的性能,并对未来的研究前景做了适当的展望。
Very-small-aperture laser (VSAL) is a new type of active nano-laser source developed in recent years. The shape of the aperture of the exit face is one of the important factors that determine its performance. A variety of shaped pores were successively presented and proved to greatly improve the exiting efficiency of VSAL. The results show that the light efficiency of the conventional aperture shape decreases sharply with the increase of the incident wavelength, but the resonant efficiency of the aperture of the shaped aperture will appear a resonance peak, and the light-passing efficiency of the resonant aperture has been significantly improved. By changing the aperture shape parameters or increasing the surface nano-topography, the peak of the resonant wavelength of the nano-aperture can be adjusted to improve the performance of the VSAL. The spectral characteristics of nano-pore and the properties of VSAL are summarized. The future prospects of VSAL are also prospected.