20世纪俄国文学的发展虽然无法与 19世纪的辉煌相比 ,但文学科学的研究却取得了重要的进展 ,除马克思主义文学理论、文学的社会批评以外 ,还出现了一些在世界上颇有影响的文学研究流派。如形式主义、巴赫金的文艺学理论、塔尔图结构符号学派等。在今天看来 ,在世界范围影响最大 Although the development of Russian literature in the 20th century can not be compared with that of the 19th century, the study of literary science has made significant progress. Apart from the Marxist literary theory and the social criticism of literature, there have also been some influential in the world Literary research schools. Such as formalism, Bakhtin’s literary theory, Tartu structure symbolism school. In today’s opinion, it has the greatest impact worldwide