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一、1989年儿童、青少年及其家庭法条例1.历史的发展无可置疑,在1989年对于新西兰家庭法最有意义的事件是通过了有关儿童、青少年及其家庭法条例。该条例体现了关于如何处理虐待儿童、对儿童放松教育及青少年犯罪的法律的重大修正。其基本原则明显有别于过去的原则并且该法介绍了有关解决儿童问题的新的程序。新法的产生经历了一个漫长及艰难的过程。改革步骤始于1976年,当时一项法案终于被提交到议会以取代1974年的儿童及青少年法。该法案的内容包括新的规则及程序其目的在于给予处于险境的儿童以更大范围的保护。例如,该法案使许多社会部门,包括医生、教师、社会工作者及律师等承担了报道儿童被虐待情况的义务。儿童保护组织也被赋予重要的任务,
I. Children, Adolescents and Their Families Act 1989 1. Historical development is beyond doubt. The most significant event in New Zealand’s family law in 1989 was the adoption of the law on children, adolescents and their families. The ordinance reflects major amendments to the law on how to deal with child abuse, education of children and juvenile delinquency. The basic principle is clearly distinct from the principles of the past and the law introduces new procedures for solving the problem of children. The birth of the new law has gone through a long and difficult process. The reform steps began in 1976, when a bill was finally brought to Parliament to replace the 1974 Act on Children and Adolescents. The bill includes new rules and procedures aimed at giving broader protection to children at risk. For example, the Act has placed many social sectors, including doctors, teachers, social workers and lawyers, on the obligation to report child abuse. Child protection organizations have also been given an important task,