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目的探讨原花青素对高脂饮食诱导的大鼠脂肪肝的预防及治疗作用。方法雄性Wistar大鼠60只,随机分为空白对照组、模型组、花青素低剂量治疗组(低剂量组)和花青素高剂量治疗组(高剂量组)各15只。空白对照组大鼠喂食普通饲料,模型组和低、高剂量组给予高脂饲料,低、高剂量组分别给予50、200mg/(kg·d)花青素灌胃,对照组和模型组给予质量分数0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃。喂养8周后,禁食12h处死大鼠,收集血清和肝脏组织。观察各组肝组织病理学改变,检测血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平及血清超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和丙二醛含量。结果对照组大鼠肝组织结构正常,模型组大鼠肝组织出现大面积小叶内肝细胞脂肪变性、气球样变性和炎性细胞浸润,低剂量组和高剂量组肝脏脂肪变性明显减轻、无明显气球样变、无炎性细胞浸润;模型组血清总胆固醇[(3.98±0.29)mmol/L]、三酰甘油[(0.85±0.14)mmol/L]、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[(1.41±0.19)mmol/L]、谷丙转氨酶[(13.84±1.92)u/L]、谷草转氨酶[(22.93±2.35)u/L]、丙二醛[(3.63±0.23)μmol/L]水平高于对照组[(1.45±0.21)mmol/L、(0.57±0.07)mmol/L、(0.98±0.20)mmol/L、(8.91±2.13)u/L、(16.90±0.87)u/L、(1.51±0.32)μmol/L]和高剂量组[(1.57±0.28)mmol/L、(0.60±0.08)mmol/L、(1.02±0.11)mmol/L、(9.57±1.81)u/L、(17.86±1.75)u/L、(2.34±0.15)μmol/L](P<0.05),低剂量组血清谷丙转氨酶[(10.50±1.23)u/L]低于模型组(P<0.05);模型组超氧化物歧化酶[(199.62±18.25)u/mL]、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶[(326.75±27.90)u/mL]活性低于对照组[(313.87±12.98)、(448.23±35.89)u/mL]、高剂量组[(283.54±10.92)、(442.44±32.87)u/mL]和低剂量组[(269.53±20.38)、(397.25±27.56)u/mL](P<0.05),高、低剂量组与对照组两两比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论原花青素可能通过抗氧化机制实现对高脂饮食大鼠脂肪肝的保护作用。
Objective To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of proanthocyanidins on fatty liver induced by high-fat diet in rats. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, low dose anthocyanin treatment group (low dose group) and high dose anthocyanin treatment group (high dose group). The rats in the blank control group were fed normal diet, and the model group and the low and high dose groups were given the high fat diet. The low and high dose groups were administered with 200 mg / (kg · d) anthocyanin respectively. The control group and the model group Mass fraction of 0.9% sodium chloride solution gavage. After 8 weeks of feeding, rats were sacrificed 12h after fasting to collect serum and liver tissues. The pathological changes of liver tissue in each group were observed. Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and serum superoxide dismutase, glutathione Oxidase activity and malondialdehyde content. Results The liver tissue of rats in the control group was normal. The hepatic steatosis, balloon-like degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the liver of the model group. The hepatic steatosis of the low-dose and high- (3.98 ± 0.29) mmol / L], triglyceride [(0.85 ± 0.14) mmol / L], low density lipoprotein cholesterol [(1.41 ± 0.19 ) (mmol / L), alanine aminotransferase (13.84 ± 1.92) u / L, aspartate aminotransferase (22.93 ± 2.35) u / L and malondialdehyde (3.63 ± 0.23) μmol / (1.45 ± 0.21) mmol / L, (0.57 ± 0.07) mmol / L, (0.98 ± 0.20) mmol / L, (8.91 ± 2.13) u / L, (16.90 ± 0.87) u / (1.57 ± 0.28) mmol / L, (0.60 ± 0.08) mmol / L, (1.02 ± 0.11) mmol / L, (9.57 ± 1.81) u / L, (17.86 ± (P <0.05). Compared with model group (P <0.05), the serum level of ALT in low dose group [(10.50 ± 1.23) u / L] Superoxide dismutase [(199.62 ± 18.25) u / mL] and glutathione peroxidase [(326.75 ± 27.90) u / mL] were lower than those in the control group [(313.87 ± 12.98) 448.23 ± 35.89 u / mL], high dose group (283.54 ± 10.92), (442.44 ± 32.87) u / mL and low dose group [(269.53 ± 20.38), (397.25 ± 27.56) u / mL] <0.05). There was no significant difference between the high and low dose groups and the control group (P> 0.05). Conclusion Proanthocyanidins may protect the fatty liver of rats fed high-fat diet through anti-oxidation mechanism.