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汞作为环境的主要污染重金属之一,对土壤微生物的影响是表征其环境效应的重要方面,结果可为土壤环境监测等提供生物学依据。以安徽省淮南市水稻土为材料,通过室内模拟试验探索了汞对土壤微生物区系的影响。结果表明,汞对土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌的增殖总体上具有抑制作用,但这种抑制效应具有波动性特点,并且随着培养时间的延长微生物的被抑制程度减弱。高浓度汞(50 mg·kg-1)在整个培养期内对细菌、真菌和放线菌均有显著的抑制作用;中低浓度汞(10 mg·kg-1和2 mg·kg-1)对微生物影响随培养时间而波动。全汞和有效汞的含量显著影响了三大菌群的数量(P<0.05)。真菌在较高汞污染土壤上产生抗性,而放线菌对汞污染较为敏感,能够指示程度较轻的土壤汞污染。
As one of the main pollution heavy metals in the environment, mercury affects the soil microorganisms as an important aspect to characterize the environmental effects of mercury. The results can provide biological basis for soil environmental monitoring and so on. Taking paddy soil in Huainan of Anhui Province as material, the impact of mercury on soil microbial flora was explored through laboratory simulation. The results showed that mercury inhibited the proliferation of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in soil in general. However, the inhibitory effect was fluctuant, and the inhibition of microorganisms was weakened with the increase of incubation time. High concentrations of mercury (50 mg · kg-1) had significant inhibitory effect on bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes during the whole culture period. High concentrations of mercury (10 mg · kg-1 and 2 mg · kg-1) Effects on microorganisms fluctuate with incubation time. Total mercury and available mercury content significantly affected the three groups of bacteria (P <0.05). Fungi are resistant to higher levels of mercury contaminated soil, whereas actinomycetes are more sensitive to mercury contamination and can indicate less severe soil mercury contamination.