土壤的物理特性,特别是土壤质地、含水量和坚实度等,对土壤——机具系统的试验研究有非常显著的影响。然而在大田中要控制土壤特性,则是非常困难的。但如果在人工土槽中,不仅试验条件可处于试验者的控制范围内,提高试验精度和可比性,而且避免了自然条件的影响,大大缩短试验周期,加快研究进度。基于上述原因,自三十年代起,土槽试验装置在美、日、苏等国已作为车辆行走装置及耕作部件等试验研究的主要手段。近年来,由于土壤——机具系统基础理论研究的加强,土槽装置的型式越来越 Soil physical characteristics, especially soil texture, water content and firmness, have a very significant impact on the experimental research of soil-implement system. However, it is very difficult to control soil characteristics in the field. However, if the artificial soil tank, not only the test conditions within the control of the experimenter to improve test accuracy and comparability, but also to avoid the impact of natural conditions, greatly reducing the test cycle and speed up the progress of the study. For the above reasons, since the 1930s, soil trough test equipment has been used as the main means of experimental research on vehicle running gear and tillage components in the United States, Japan and the Soviet Union. In recent years, due to the research of the basic theory of soil-implement system, the type of soil-trenching device is getting more and more