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近几年来,日本40个试验研究机构就黄瓜等29种蔬菜的46种土传性病害与施用有机肥的关系,进行了研究,发表了120多篇论文。松田明对这些论文作了整理,得出以下几点结论。1.有机肥对土传性病害的影响是多种多样的。由土壤中生态特性相似的病原菌引起的病害,如黄瓜枯萎病和萝卜萎黄病,施用同样的有机肥鸡粪或干猪粪,效果完全相反,前者病害减轻,后者病害加重(处理的病情指数为对照的20%以下者为病害减轻,高于20%者为病害加重,下同)。另外,同一有机物如蟹壳,大量施用时,可减轻西瓜枯萎病,但却加重立枯性疫病。对根菜类萝卜而言,连续施用发酵
In recent years, 40 experimental research institutes in Japan conducted a study on the relationship between 46 soil-borne diseases of 29 kinds of vegetables such as cucumber and the application of organic manures, and published over 120 papers. Matsuda made a summary of these papers and reached the following conclusions. 1. The impact of organic fertilizer on soil-borne diseases is varied. Diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria with similar ecological characteristics in the soil, such as cucumber blight and radish chlorosis, applied the same organic manure or dry pig manure to the opposite effect. The former reduced the disease and the latter increased the disease (the disease index For the control of less than 20% for the disease to reduce, more than 20% for the disease increased, the same below). In addition, the same organic matter such as crab shell, when applied in large quantities, can reduce watermelon fusarium wilt, but increase the season withered blight. For root vegetables radish, continuous application of fermentation