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目的了解广州地区儿童超声骨密度情况。方法采用骨定量超声技术,对广州市2 450例0~12岁正常儿童的骨密度状况进行了检测,并对不同性别、不同年龄、不同季节的差异进行分析。结果广州儿童骨密度SOS值及Z-分数大致呈正态分布。广州市儿童普遍存在骨密度低,骨强度不足检出率高,尤其在婴儿期骨密度多处于较低水平,年龄越小骨密度Z-分数越低,0~3月龄最低,为-2.9±1.5,与其他年龄组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);随年龄增长骨密度Z-分数呈升高趋势。总体男女童间Z-分数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),女童的Z-分数明显低于男童。在骨强度不足检出率上男童显著低于女童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。夏季骨强度Z-分数最高,骨强度不足检出率最低,与其他三个季节差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论广州市儿童普遍存在骨密度低,骨强度不足检出率高,尤其是婴儿期,骨健康的检测和防治要针对全年龄段人群开展,尤其是要从小婴儿抓起。
Objective To understand the ultrasound bone density in children in Guangzhou. Methods Bone mass ultrasound was used to detect the bone mineral density (BMD) in 2 450 normal children aged 0-12 years in Guangzhou. The differences of different sexes, ages and seasons were analyzed. Results The bone mineral density (SOS) value and Z-score of children in Guangzhou were roughly normal distribution. Children in Guangzhou City, widespread prevalence of low bone mineral density, low bone detection rate is high, especially in infancy, bone mineral density at a low level, the younger the lower the bone mineral density Z-score, 0-3 months minimum, -2.9 ± 1.5, with other age groups was statistically significant (P <0.05); with age, bone mineral density Z-scores showed an upward trend. There was a statistically significant difference in Z-scores among boys and girls (P <0.05). Girls’ Z-scores were significantly lower than boys. There was a significant difference in the detection rate of bone strength between boys and girls (P <0.05). In summer, the highest Z-score and the lowest detection rate of bone strength were found, which were significantly different from the other three seasons (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of low BMD and low bone strength in Guangzhou children is high. Especially in infancy, the detection and prevention of bone health should be carried out for all age groups, especially for young infants.