论文部分内容阅读
目的了解广州市番禺区小型油漆化工企业职业病危害的呼吸防护现状,探讨存在的问题与不足,为指导企业合理配置、使用和管理呼吸防护用品提供依据。方法对番禺区某小型油漆化工企业职业病危害因素的浓度、防护措施以及工人佩戴的呼吸防护用品进行调查。结果该企业主要职业病危害因素是苯系物、乙酸丁酯、环己酮和滑石尘;企业用自然通风方式减低工作场所有害物质的浓度,并能达到预期效果;工人配备了自吸过滤式半面罩及P-A-1型滤毒元件,此呼吸防护用品对苯系物、乙酸丁酯、环己酮的防护是恰当的,但对滑石尘的防护没有效果。结论该企业的呼吸防护现状总体一般,主要是对滑石尘未能做到有效的防护;呼吸防护措施应根据职业病危害因素的种类、理化性质、暴露浓度、暴露时间、呼吸防护指数、预期暴露降低浓度、人体生理结构、个人体验、企业经济实力等来综合考虑呼吸防护用品的配置、使用和管理。
Objective To understand the respiratory protection status of occupational hazards in small-scale paint chemical enterprises in Panyu District of Guangzhou City and to explore the existing problems and deficiencies so as to provide basis for guiding enterprises to rationally configure, use and manage respiratory protection products. Methods The concentration of occupational hazards in a small paint chemical enterprise in Panyu District, protective measures and the respiratory protective articles worn by workers were investigated. Results The main occupational hazards of the enterprise were benzene series, butyl acetate, cyclohexanone and talcum dust. Enterprises used natural ventilation to reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the workplace and achieve the expected results. Workers were equipped with self-priming filter half Mask and PA-1 filter element, the respiratory protection of benzene compounds, butyl acetate, cyclohexanone protection is appropriate, but no effect on the protection of talc dust. Conclusion The respiratory protection status of the enterprise is generally general, which is mainly because of the failure to effectively prevent talc dust. The respiratory protection measures should be based on the types of occupational hazards, physical and chemical properties, exposure concentration, exposure time, respiratory protection index, expected exposure decrease Concentration, physical structure of the human body, personal experience, economic strength of enterprises to comprehensively consider the configuration, use and management of respiratory protection products.