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长期以来,中外学者在对宪政概念的理解上争论不休,众说纷纭,但有一点已达成了一致的认识,即宪政的核心是限制政府的权力,保障公民的权利,也即实行民主政治。在二者的关系上,限制政府权力是手段,保障公民权利为目的。为了保障公民权利,一种理想的政府只能实行职能上的分权,除此以外,别无选择。正是从这个意义上讲,分权思想在近代西方宪政史上确立了不可动摇的奠基地位。
For a long period of time, Chinese and foreign scholars have been arguing endlessly about the concept of constitutionalism. There are divergent opinions, but one thing has reached a consensus that the core of constitutional government is to limit the power of the government and guarantee the rights of citizens, that is, to practice democratic politics. In the relationship between the two, restricting government power is a means to protect the rights of citizens. In order to protect the rights of citizens, an ideal government can only exercise functional decentralization, and other than that, there is no alternative. It is in this sense that the decentralized thought established an unshakable foundation in the history of modern Western constitutional government.