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目的了解上海市南汇区常住居民结核病知识知晓情况,设立我区的结核病防治健康促进工作目标。方法采取多阶段分层系统随机抽样方法抽取南汇区2个镇6个村的1164名常住居民进行问卷调查,有效合格问卷1142人份(合格率98.1%,其中男507人,女635人)。结果民众对肺结核有一定了解,综合知晓率为50.88%,对国家免费检查、治疗肺结核政策知晓率偏低,尤其以无业人员知晓最低(χ2=18.02、18.41,P<0.001),学生及教师、12～25岁年龄段的调查对象的肺结核定点医疗情况知晓程度为同组最低(χ2=44.3、37.77,P<0.001),农民、无业人员对肺结核基本知识知晓水平同样不高。结论为了有效的控制和预防肺结核,必须加强对民众进行结核病知识的宣传教育,建立针对不同人群合理有效的宣传教育方式。
Objective To understand the knowledge of tuberculosis among permanent residents in Nanhui District of Shanghai and to establish the target of tuberculosis prevention and health promotion in our district. Methods A total of 1,164 permanent residents of 6 villages in 2 towns in Nanhui District were sampled by multi-stage stratified random sampling method. There were 1142 valid pass (a pass rate of 98.1%, including 507 males and 635 females). Results The public had a certain understanding of tuberculosis, with a comprehensive awareness rate of 50.88%. The rate of awareness on free inspection and treatment of tuberculosis in the country was low, especially among unemployed persons (χ2 = 18.02, 18.41, P <0.001). Students and teachers, The level of awareness of TB medical care among the surveyed population aged 12 to 25 years was the lowest among the same group (χ2 = 44.3, 37.77, P <0.001). The level of awareness of basic knowledge about tuberculosis among peasants and unemployed persons was also not high. Conclusion In order to effectively control and prevent tuberculosis, we must step up public education on tuberculosis knowledge and establish a reasonable and effective propaganda and education method for different people.