法乐氏四联症(下简称四联症)是临床上较为常见的一种先心症,在紫绀型先心病畸形中占首位。超声心动图尤其是二维多普勒超声心动图在四联症的术前诊断和术中监视和术后随访中日趋起重要作用,大有取代有创检查之势。本文就此方面作一综述。四联症的经典病理类型为右室流出道狭窄(可多水平),室间隔缺损,主动脉增宽骑跨,和继发性右室肥厚。临床特征是青紫,其严重性又取决于本病主要病变即右室流出道 Tetralogy of Fallot (hereinafter referred to as tetralogy of Fallot) is a more common form of clinical psychosis, cyanotic congenital malformations in the first place. Echocardiography, especially two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography, plays an increasingly important role in the preoperative diagnosis, intraoperative monitoring and follow-up of tetralogy of Fallot. It greatly replaces the trend of invasive examination. This article gives a summary of this aspect. The classic pathological type of tetralogy of Fallot’s right ventricular outflow tract stenosis (may be more levels), ventricular septal defect, aortic broadening riding, and secondary right ventricular hypertrophy. Clinical features are bruising, which in turn depends on the severity of the disease the main right ventricular outflow tract