巨大肾积水可发生在任何年龄,临床上较少见。我院1974～1986年收治经手术证实的巨大肾积水21例,现报告于后。临床资料 21例中男15例,女6例,年龄3～62岁.平均34.5岁,<10岁4例,>45岁7例,左侧13例,右侧5例,双侧3例.(一)病因和肾积水量:病因为上尿路结石者14例,先天性肾盂与输尿管交接处狭窄3例,先天性肾盂双输尿管畸形1例,输尿管炎性狭窄2例,输尿管瓣膜1例。肾积水量1000ml3例.1100～2000ml12例.2100～3000ml5例,12500ml超巨大肾积水1例。(二)症状和体征:①腹部包块。21例中18例腹部可触及包块,其中5例平时无症状,在感到腹部逐渐膨隆或触及包块时才就诊。体检多数病者侧腹部均匀隆起,向内下及后腰部延伸,呈囊性松软感,表面光滑,边界清楚,无明显触压痛。少数表面凹凸不平,质地软硬不均,边界不清,出现局限性肌卫和压痛。2例腹部肿块有时缩小,以后又逐渐增大恢复原状。②腰痛、腹痛10例。其中2例急性绞痛,8例表现为间歇性腰部 Huge hydronephrosis can occur at any age, clinically rare. Our hospital from 1974 to 1986 admitted to the operation confirmed the huge hydronephrosis in 21 cases, are reported later. Clinical data 21 males and 15 females, 6 females, aged 3 to 62 years, with an average of 34.5 years old, <10 years old in 4 cases,> 45 years old in 7 cases, left 13 cases, right 5 cases, bilateral 3 cases. (A) causes and hydronephrosis: the cause of upper urinary tract stones in 14 cases, congenital renal pelvis and ureter junction stenosis in 3 cases, congenital pyelonephritis in 1 case, ureteral stenosis in 2 cases, ureteral valve 1 example. Hydronephrosis volume 1000ml3 cases .1100 ~ 2000ml12 cases .2100 ~ 3000ml5 cases, 12500ml super huge hydronephrosis in 1 case. (B) symptoms and signs: ① abdominal mass. Of the 21 cases, 18 cases were palpable in the abdomen, of which 5 cases were asymptomatic at normal times and were not seen until the abdomen was gradually bulging or touching the mass. The majority of patients with physical examination side of the abdomen bulge, extending to the lower back and waist, was cystic soft feeling, smooth surface, clear boundary, no obvious tender tenderness. A small number of uneven surface, uneven texture and soft, unclear boundary, there are limitations Myung Wei and tenderness. 2 cases of abdominal mass sometimes reduced, then gradually increased to restore the status quo. ② low back pain, abdominal pain in 10 cases. 2 cases of acute colic, intermittent performance of 8 cases of the waist