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为比较种植药赏两用植物对滨海盐碱土的改良效应,采用实生栽培方法种植了薄荷(Mentha haplocalyxBriq.)、地榆(Sanguisorba officinalis L.)和枸杞(Lycium chinense Mill.)1年生植株,对不同土层的pH值以及可溶性盐和主要离子含量的变化进行了比较分析。结果表明:种植3种植物后,0～10、10～20和20～30 cm土层的pH值以及可溶性盐、K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-和SO42-含量均有不同程度的变化,且以0～10 cm土层的变化相对明显,并且各土层的离子组成也有所改变。种植3种植物后,0～10和10～20 cm土层的pH值以及0～10 cm土层的可溶性盐含量均低于对照,其中,地榆种植土壤pH值及枸杞种植土壤可溶性盐含量的降低效应最明显。种植3种植物后,各土层的Ca2+含量及10～20和20～30 cm土层的K+和Mg2+含量均极显著高于对照,各土层的Na+含量及0～10 cm土层的Cl-含量、10～20和20～30 cm土层的SO42-含量均极显著低于对照;不同土层的K+/Na+值均高于对照、(K++Na+)/(Ca2++Mg2+)值均低于对照、主要阳离子(Ca2+、K+和Mg2+)的交换量总和均明显增加。总体上,地榆和枸杞对土壤中K+及Ca2+和Mg2+含量、K+/Na+值、主要阳离子(Ca2+、K+和Mg2+)交换量总和的提高效应以及对Na+含量、(K++Na+)/(Ca2++Mg2+)值的降低作用均较强,而薄荷的作用均较弱。研究结果显示:供试的3种药赏两用植物对盐碱地均具有明显的改良作用,其中枸杞和地榆的改良效果较好。
In order to compare the improving effects of planting medicinal plants and medicinal plants on saline-alkali soil in the coastal area, a 1-year-old plant of Mentha haplocalyxBriq., Sanguisorba officinalis L. and Lycium chinense Mill. The pH of different soil layers and the changes of soluble salts and main ions were compared. The results showed that the pH, soluble salts, K +, Na +, Ca2 +, Mg2 +, Cl- and SO42- contents of 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil layers varied with different degrees after planting three kinds of plants , And the change in 0 ~ 10 cm soil layer is relatively obvious, and the ion composition of each soil layer also changed. After three kinds of plants were planted, the pH value of 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers and the soluble salt content of 0-10 cm soil layer were lower than those of the control. Among them, the soil pH value of Ulmus pumilum and soil soluble salt content The most obvious reduction effect. After planting three kinds of plants, the contents of Ca2 + in soil layers and K + and Mg2 + contents in 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil layers were significantly higher than those in the control. The contents of Na + in soil layers and Cl - content, the contents of SO42- in 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil layers were significantly lower than those in the control. The K + / Na + values in different soil layers were higher than those in the control soil (K ++ Na +) / (Ca2 + + Mg2 +), Values were lower than the control, the main cation (Ca2 +, K + and Mg2 +) exchange volume increased significantly. In general, the effects of Ulmus pumila and Lycium barbarum on the content of K +, Ca2 + and Mg2 +, K + / Na +, the exchange of main cations (Ca2 +, K + and Mg2 +) in soil and the effects of Na + content, Ca2 + + Mg2 +) value of the role of the reduction are strong, while the role of mint are weak. The results showed that three kinds of medicinal and ornamental plants tested had obvious improvement on saline-alkali soil, and the improvement effect of Chinese wolfberry and Burnet was better.