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目的 了解和研究辽西地区锦州市区汉族城市儿童的体型发育规律和特点 ,为体质人类学补充必要的资料。方法 采用Heath -Carter体型法 ,以辽西地区锦州市区 75 6名 (男性 4 0 0名 ,女性 35 6名 ) 7～ 13岁汉族儿童为研究对象 ,男女各分 7组 ,每组 4 3～ 86人 ,测量身高、体重等十项指标 ,经计算和统计学处理 ,进行体型分析。结果 锦州市区汉族男孩的平均体型值为 3 9- 3 6 - 3 3,属中间型 ,女孩平均体型值为 3 9- 2 9-3 8,属外胚层—内胚层均衡型。男孩的中因子值大于女孩 ,女孩的外因子值大于男孩 ,经t检验 ,7岁、 8岁和 12岁同龄男女孩体型差异显著。随着年龄的增长男女的体形都发生变化 ,呈多变倾向。通过与四个少数民族城市儿童的比较 ,发现不同民族的体型有一定差异。结论 锦州市区汉族城市男孩女孩体脂发育较好 ,男孩骨骼肌肉发达 ,女孩身材修长 ,儿童的体型发育随年龄呈多变倾向。
Objective To understand and study the laws and characteristics of body development of Han children in Jinzhou urban district of western Liaoning and to provide necessary information for physical anthropology. Methods Heath-Carter body type method was used to study 756 children (400 males and 356 females) aged 7-13 years in Jinzhou urban area of western Liaoning Province. The subjects were male and female with 7 sub-groups of 4 3 ~ 86 people, measuring height, weight and other ten indicators, calculated and statistically processed, body size analysis. Results The average body size of Han nationality boys in Jinzhou city ranged from 39-36 to 33, which belonged to the intermediate type. The mean body size of the girls was 39- 29-3 8, which belonged to the ectoderm-endodermal equilibrium type. The median value of boys was higher than that of girls, while the values of girls’ external factors were greater than those of boys. The t-test showed significant differences in the body types of boys and girls aged 7, 8 and 12 years old. With age, both men and women have changed body shape, showing a tendency to change. By comparing with children in four ethnic minority cities, we found that there are some differences in body size among different ethnic groups. Conclusions Han boys and girls of Jinzhou urban area have good body fat development, muscular and muscular boys and slender girls. The body development of children tends to change with age.