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墨西哥在工业化和城市化的建设过程中,预期寿命从1940年的41.4岁,上升为1979年的64岁。这主要表现在年轻人口中传染病死亡率的下降,但慢性病死亡率却日趋上升。例如1963年的主要死亡原因为:感冒和肺炎、儿科疾病、胃肠炎,占所有死亡的三分之一。到1980年,上述慢性病死亡率下降为所有死亡的五分之一,而心脏病和车祸又取而代之,职业病也大幅度上升。人们常认为,上述死亡原因的变化实质上是工业化过程中的失误,侧重了经济增长的一面,而
In the process of industrialization and urbanization in Mexico, life expectancy increased from 41.4 years in 1940 to 64 years in 1979. This is mainly reflected in the decline in the mortality rate of infectious diseases in the young population, but the mortality rate of chronic diseases has been increasing. For example, the main causes of death in 1963 were: colds and pneumonia, pediatric diseases, and gastroenteritis, accounting for one-third of all deaths. By 1980, the above-mentioned chronic disease mortality rate fell to one-fifth of all deaths, and heart disease and car accidents took its place. Occupational diseases also rose significantly. It is often believed that the above-mentioned changes in the causes of death are essentially errors in the process of industrialization, with a focus on economic growth.