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【目的】以不同含盐量的滨海盐土、内陆盐碱土和中等肥力非盐碱土壤为实验对象,探讨花生种子在吸水膨胀与萌发过程中,不同类型盐碱土对种子际土壤微生物多样性变化的影响。【方法】采集不同含盐量的滨海盐土、内陆盐碱土和中等肥力非盐碱土壤,通过对各样品中细菌的16S r RNA基因的V3-V4区进行PCR扩增,利用Illumina Hiseq高通量测序技术对12份V3-V4高变区PCR产物进行测序,并对测序数据进行生物信息学分析。【结果】(1)盐碱土壤的种子际细菌群落多样性高于非盐碱土壤,且以东营青坨滨海盐土种子际土壤细菌群落多样性较高。(2)不同类型土壤样本微生物群落结构在纲水平存在明显差异。4种土壤类型种子际土壤细菌共分属于6个菌纲,分别为Proteobacteria、Actinobacteria、Actinobacteria、Bacteroidetes、Acidobacteria和Firmicutes菌纲,并均以Proteobacteria和Actinobacteria菌纲为主要菌纲。全样本菌落结构分析结果表明,4种类型土壤中不同吸胀时间内种子际微生物菌落在门、属水平上的类型和丰度差异最为显著(P<0.05)。(3)beta多样性分析和各样本遗传距离(phylogenetic distances)聚类树图分析表明,4个土壤类型的12个土壤样本种子际土壤中微生物群落均可聚为2大类。【结论】土壤含盐量越高其种子际土壤细菌群落多样性较高。不同类型土壤样本微生物群落结构在纲水平存在明显差异,以Proteobacteria和Actinobacteria菌纲为主要菌纲。种子吸胀萌发时间影响种子际微生物菌落在门、属水平上的类型和丰度,但对相同土壤类型样本间遗传距离无影响。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different types of saline-alkali soil on the changes of soil microbial diversity in coastal saline soil, inland saline soil and middle-fertility non-saline soil with different salt content. Impact. 【Method】 Coastal saline soil, inland saline soil and mid-fertility non-saline soil with different salinities were collected. The V3-V4 region of 16S r RNA gene of bacteria was amplified by PCR and analyzed by Illumina Hiseq Sequencing was performed on 12 V3-V4 hypervariable region PCR products by sequencing technology. The sequencing data were analyzed by bioinformatics. 【Result】 (1) The diversity of bacterial community in saline-alkali soil was higher than that in non-saline-alkali soil, and the bacterial community diversity was higher in the soil of Qing Tuo coastal saline soil in Dongying. (2) There are obvious differences in the community level of microbial community structure in different types of soil samples. The soil bacteria of the four soil types belonged to six classes of bacteria, which were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Firmicutes, respectively. Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the main fungi. The results of colony structure analysis of the whole sample showed that there were significant differences (P <0.05) in the type and abundance of the interspecific microbial colonies in the four types of soils at different times of swallowing. (3) The results of beta diversity analysis and phylogenetic distances clustering tree analysis showed that the microbial community in 12 soils of 4 soil types could all be grouped into 2 groups. 【Conclusion】 The higher the soil salt content, the higher the bacterial community diversity in the soil. Microbial community structure of different types of soil samples at the level of significant differences exist, with Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria fungi as the main fungi. The seed germination time affected the type and abundance of the interspecific microbial colonies at the genus and genus, but had no effect on the genetic distance between samples of the same soil type.