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国内外针对土石坝漫顶破坏机理和溃决过程开展了大量的研究工作,但针对黏土心墙这一土石坝主要坝型溃决机理及溃决过程的研究工作却开展的很少。研究提出能合理模拟黏土心墙土石坝漫顶破坏溃口发展时变过程数值计算模型对准确模拟黏土心墙坝溃决过程,正确评价其溃决致灾后果十分必要。从黏土心墙坝结构特征出发,根据实际溃坝调查和室内、现场溃坝试验资料,分析了黏土心墙坝漫顶溃决机理,在此基础上建立了一个描述黏土心墙坝溃口发展过程的数值模型。该模型较好地考虑了漫坝水流对下游坝壳冲蚀过程中黏土心墙滑动或倾覆失稳所引起的溃口间歇性增大现象。最后利用已发生溃决心墙坝的溃坝洪水资料验证了建议数值模型的合理性。
At home and abroad, a great deal of research work has been done on the mechanism of collapse and collapse of earth-rock dam. However, few studies have been carried out on the main dam-type failure mechanism and the process of failure of the earth-rock dam. The research suggests that it is necessary to simulate the process of failure of clay wall dam by simulating the time-varying process numerical model of the failure of the core-built earth-rock dam. Based on the structural characteristics of clay core wall dam, based on the actual dam failure investigation and laboratory and field dam failure test data, the collapse mechanism of clay core wall dam is analyzed. Based on this, a description of the development process of clay core wall dam failure Numerical model. This model considers the intermittent increase of the breach due to the sliding or overturning of the clay core wall during the erosion of downstream dam shell. At last, the reasonableness of the proposed numerical model is verified by the data of the dam break flood that has occurred to the dam.