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Coal combustion and gasification are the processes to utilize coal for production of electricity and many other applications.Global energy demand is increasing day by day.Coal is an abundant source of energy but not a reliable source as it results into high CO2 emissions.Energy industries are expected to decrease the CO2 emission to prevent global warming.Coal gasification is a process that reduces the CO2 emission and emerges as a clean coal technology.Coal gasification process is regulated by several operating parameters.A Number of investigations have been carried out in this direction.A critical review of the work done by several researchers in the field of coal gasification has been compiled in this paper.The effect of several operating parameters such as coal rank,temperature,pressure,porosity,reaction time and catalyst on gasification has been presented here.