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在宁夏回族自治区的葡萄种植园中,现多采用沟灌结合冲施肥的灌溉方法,部分种植园已施行滴灌结合随水施肥的灌溉方法.为探讨沟灌-冲施肥系统和滴灌-随水施肥系统对宁夏葡萄园土壤氧化亚氮(N2O)排放的影响,应用静态箱-气象色谱技术对该问题展开研究.结果表明:在2012年和2013年葡萄生长季中,较之于沟灌系统,滴灌系统可分别减少N2O年均排放量(18.24±2.79)kg/(hm-2·a-1)和(3.37±0.37)kg/(hm-2·a-1),约占沟灌系统排放量的61.1%和78.9%.在此基础之上计算排放系数,可估算出应用滴灌系统替换宁夏现有葡萄园中全部沟灌系统后,N2O减排总量分别约为2012年的704 264~770 756 kg和2013年的215 550~223 920 kg.可见,滴灌系统可以有效减少土壤N2O的排放损失,是一种更具N2O减排潜力的灌溉方式.
In the grape plantations of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the irrigation methods using furrow irrigation combined with fertilization are mostly used, and some of the plantations have implemented the irrigation method of drip irrigation combined with water fertilization.In order to discuss the effects of furrow irrigation-fertilization system and drip irrigation-water fertilization system The effect of nitrogen oxide (N2O) emissions from soils in Ningxia vineyard was studied using static box-gas chromatography (GC-MS) technique. The results showed that in the 2012 and 2013 grape growing seasons, compared with the furrow irrigation system, The average annual emissions of N2O (18.24 ± 2.79) kg / (hm-2 · a-1) and (3.37 ± 0.37) kg / (hm-2 · a-1) were reduced respectively, accounting for 61.1% of the total emissions of furrow irrigation systems. And 78.9%, respectively. Based on this, we can calculate the emission coefficient and estimate that the total amount of N2O emission reductions will be 704 264-770 756 kg in 2013 and 2013 respectively after replacing all the furrow irrigation systems in existing vineyards in Ningxia with a drip irrigation system Year of 215 550 ~ 223 920 kg. It can be seen that the drip irrigation system can effectively reduce the emission loss of soil N2O and is an irrigation method with more potential for emission reduction of N2O.