一、历史研究的指南在历史研究中,是否贯穿马克思主义的阶级斗争理论,是一个重要的原则问题。用阶级斗争理论说明和分析历史,是唯物史观的一个基本内容。马克思主义告诉我们,阶级是一个历史范畴,是一定时代的经济关系的产物。只是到了原始社会的末期,随着生产力的发展和生产资料私有制的出现,社会才逐渐产生相对立的阶级。自那时起,即从土地公有的原始氏族社会解体以来的全部历史,都是阶级斗争的历史,是剥削阶级和被剥削阶级之间、统治阶 I. A Guide to Historical Studies Historically, whether or not Marxist class struggle theory runs through it is an important principle issue. Explaining and analyzing history with class struggle theory is a basic content of historical materialism. Marxism tells us that a class is a historical category and a product of economic relations of a certain period. Only to the end of primitive society, with the development of productive forces and the emergence of private ownership of the means of production, society has gradually created an opposing class. Since then, all the history since the dissolution of the primitive clan society of land has been the history of class struggle, between the exploiting classes and the exploited classes and between the ruling classes