通常,有两个指标可以衡量财政赤字的规模:一是财政赤字占财政支出的比例;二是财政赤字占国内生产总值(GDP)的比例。前者可称为赤字依存度,说明一国在当年总支出中有多大比例是依赖赤字支出实现的;后者可称为赤字比率,说明一国在当年以赤字支出方式动员了多大比例的社会资源。这两个指标 In general, there are two indicators that measure the size of the fiscal deficit: one is the ratio of fiscal deficits to fiscal expenditures; and the other is the ratio of fiscal deficits to gross domestic product. The former can be called the degree of deficit dependence, indicating how much of a country’s total expenditures in the current year depend on deficit spending. The latter can be called the deficit ratio, which shows the percentage of social resources that a country mobilized in deficit spending in that year . These two indicators