新品种开发,种质资源与新品种开发密不可分,事关农业生产和粮食安全。种质资源被称为遗传资源,是农作物传递给后代的包含所有遗传信息的物质载体,是育种家赖以加工、改良和培育新品种的基本材料。20世纪50年代以来,美国、日本等发达国家以及这些国家的大型种子公司,都相继建造了用空调设备控制温度和湿度环境的储藏室,保护种质资源。中国的种质资源库也于上世纪80年代相继建成并投入使用。随着经济全球化的发展和农业科技的进步,种业发展也在提速,世界各国和各 Development of new varieties, germplasm resources and development of new varieties are inseparable, related to agricultural production and food security. Germplasm, known as genetic resources, is the material carrier for all the genetic information that crops pass on to future generations and is the basic material on which breeders rely on to process, improve and cultivate new varieties. Since the 1950s, developed countries such as the United States and Japan, as well as large-scale seed companies in these countries, have successively constructed storage rooms that use air-conditioning equipment to control temperature and humidity environments and protect germplasm resources. China’s germplasm pool was also built and put into use in the 1980s. With the development of economic globalization and the progress of agricultural science and technology, the development of seed industry is also accelerating. All countries in the world and each