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选取宁夏典型盐化土壤,研究了土壤盐分、pH和碱化度的垂直分布特征,并对土壤含盐量及各离子组成之间的相关性进行了统计分析。结果表明,研究区主要的盐分离子有SO24-、Cl-、Na+、Ca2+,0～40 cm土层试区土壤类型属氯化物—硫酸盐类型;40～100 cm土层,属硫酸盐-氯化物类型。相关性分析表明:0～40 cm土层土壤含盐量与SO42-含量相关性最大,其次是Mg2+,40～100 cm土层土壤含盐量与Cl-和Na+的相关性最大,其次是SO24-,各土层Cl-与Na+均呈相关系数大于0.97的极显著正相关,SO24-在0～40 cm土层与Ca2+的相关性最大,40～60 cm土层与Cl-的相关性最大,60～100 cm土层与Na+的相关性最大。主成分分析结果表明:SO24-、Mg2+、Cl-、Na+、Ca2+可作为试验区土壤盐化状况的特征因子。
The typical salinized soils of Ningxia were selected to study the vertical distribution characteristics of soil salinity, pH and alkalization degree. The correlation between soil salinity and the composition of ions was also statistically analyzed. The results showed that the main salt ions in the study area were SO24-, Cl-, Na +, Ca2 +, 0-40 cm soil layer type soil samples are chloride - sulfate type; 40 ~ 100 cm soil layer is a sulfate - chlorine Chemical type. Correlation analysis showed that soil salt content in 0-40 cm soil layer had the highest correlation with SO42- content, followed by Mg2 +. Soil salt content in 40-40 cm soil layer had the highest correlation with Cl- and Na +, followed by SO24 -. There was a significant positive correlation between Cl- and Na + in all soil layers with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.97. SO24- showed the highest correlation with Ca2 + in 0-40 cm soil layer and the highest correlation with Cl- in 40-60 cm soil layer , And the correlation between Na + and soil layers at 60 ~ 100 cm was the highest. Principal component analysis showed that SO24-, Mg2 +, Cl-, Na + and Ca2 + could be used as characteristic factors of soil salinization in the experimental area.