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新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎（ NEC）是新生儿常见的灾难性胃肠道疾病，发病率高、预后差、病死率高，严重威胁患儿生命健康。近年来国内外学者已开始从预防性治疗着手，进行了大量的试验研究。高危因素的防控、益生菌的使用、表皮生长因子和肝素结合表皮生长因子的应用等有利于进一步降低NEC的发病率和病死率。“,”Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis( NEC) is a serious threat to the life and health of children , and is a common catastrophic neonatal gastrointestinal disease with high incidence ,poor prognosis and high mortality.Therefore,scholars have begun preventive treatment and a lot of experiments about the disease in recent years.Prevention and control of risk factors,probiotics,application of epidermal growth factor heparin binding epidermal growth factor are the focuses of the studies to further reduce the morbidity and mortality of NEC.