Toll样受体4(TLR4)可以调节固有及获得性免疫反应应答,在多种疾病的发展机制中具有至关重要的作用。研究发现TLR4可通过多种途径参与脑缺血损伤,例如炎症反应、细胞凋亡、高迁移率族蛋白B1、热休克蛋白60、S100A蛋白、缺血预处理等。文中就TLR4对脑缺血损伤的作用机制研究做一综述。 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) regulates innate and adaptive immune responses and plays a crucial role in the development of many diseases. The study found that TLR4 can participate in ischemic injury by a variety of pathways, such as inflammatory reaction, apoptosis, high mobility group protein B1, heat shock protein 60, S100A protein, ischemic preconditioning and so on. In this paper, the mechanism of action of TLR4 on cerebral ischemia injury is reviewed.