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【目的】评估我国8省4～6年级小学生慢性病相关知识、态度及知识来源现状。【方法】采取分层随机整群抽样方法,由4～6年级的小学生填写问卷。【结果】本次共调查12 385名4～6年级小学生,其对“超重/肥胖容易导致高血压或血压升高”的知晓率最高(52.3%),对“体质指数(BMI)计算方法”的知晓率最低(7.8%)。各知识知晓率城市均高于农村;除“超重/肥胖”知识点的知晓率以6年级最高外,其它均以5年级的知晓率最高,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分析发现慢性病防控知识知晓组的小学生持正确饮食和行为态度的比例高于不知晓组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。被调查的小学生最信任和最喜欢的健康知识传播途径分别是老师讲课(47.1%)和电视(27.6%)。饮食和运动习惯受家人的影响最大,比例分别为59.0%和30.2%。【结论】我国儿童慢性病防控知识知晓程度较低,应从学校和家庭两个方面进行干预,提高小学生慢性病防控知识的知晓率。
【Objective】 To evaluate the status quo of knowledge, attitudes and sources of knowledge about chronic diseases in grade 4 ~ 6 pupils in 8 provinces in China. 【Method】 A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to fill in the questionnaire by pupils in grade 4 ~ 6. 【Results】 A total of 12 385 pupils from grades 4 to 6 were investigated with the highest awareness (52.3%) of “overweight / obesity easily lead to hypertension or high blood pressure” Calculation method “the lowest awareness (7.8%). The awareness rates of all knowledge-based cities were higher than that of rural areas. The awareness rate of knowledge points other than ”overweight / obesity" was the highest in the sixth grade, and the highest in the fifth grade, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 ). Analysis found that chronic obesity prevention and control of knowledge-based group of primary school students to maintain a correct diet and behavior attitude than the unknown group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Among the pupils surveyed, the most trusted and favorite channels of health knowledge transmission were teacher lectures (47.1%) and television (27.6%) respectively. Diet and exercise habits were the most affected by family members, at 59.0% and 30.2% respectively. 【Conclusion】 The awareness of children’s prevention and control of chronic diseases in our country is relatively low. We should intervene in both schools and families to improve the awareness rate of primary prevention and control of chronic diseases.