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第十八讲消费支出分析理论消费函数在微观经济学的分析中,我们看到消费者购买某一商品的数量主要决定于该商品的价格水平。但是,微观分析的这一结论在研究和分析宏观经济的消费支出时并不都适用。因为,在作宏观经济分析时,我们注意到居民户的名义收入被假定随物价水平升降而成比例地升降,故居民户的实际收入就其总量而言是独立于价格水平的。实际收入水平上升将导致居民增加对商品的购买量;实际收入水平下降将减少对商品的购买量,这就得出结论:消费者总体对商品的需求量,取决于实际的可支配个人收入总量。凯恩斯在《充分就业、
Eighteenth Consumer Spending Analysis Theory Consumption Function In the microeconomics analysis, we see that the number of consumers to buy a particular product depends mainly on the price level of the commodity. However, this conclusion from the microanalysis does not apply when studying and analyzing macroeconomic consumer spending. For in the macroeconomic analysis, we noticed that the nominal income of households is assumed to rise and fall proportionally with the rise and fall of the price level. Therefore, the actual income of the residents is independent from the price level in terms of their total amount. The increase in real income will lead residents to increase the purchase of goods; the decrease of real income will reduce the purchase of goods, which concludes that the overall consumer demand for goods depends on the actual total disposable income the amount. Keynes in "full employment,