同乡组织是以地域乡土观念和同乡关系为纽带而形成的一种社会组织,它在帮助同籍移民在异地的生存和发展方面具有重要作用。缘此,在前近代和近代中国的一些通商大埠及商品经济较为发达的地方都不难见到它的踪迹。传统的同乡组织多称为会馆,也有称为公所的。对于会馆、公所之性质,史学界一直存有争议。这些争议主要体现于对会馆、公所的职能区分和结群标准中同乡与同业的“复合性”的不同意见上。本文将作为参照性关注的是同乡性会馆、公所及会馆、公所的 A fellow organization is a kind of social organization formed by the connection of the concept of geography and territory with the fellow countryman and plays an important role in helping the immigrants of the same nationality to survive and develop in different places. As a result, it is not hard to find traces of some of the major commercial ports of commerce in modern and modern China and the more developed commodity economy. Traditional hometown organizations called the clubhouse, also known as the office. For the clubs, the nature of the office, historians have been controversial. These disputes are mainly manifested in the disagreement on the functions and functions of clubs and public offices and on the “composite nature” of fellow citizens and their counterparts in the group standard. This article will serve as a reference concern is the fellow sex clubs, offices and clubs, public offices