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维特根斯坦前后期思想均关注语言的本质问题、语言表现世界的方式,但亦有不同。本文着重分析维氏前后两部著作《逻辑哲学论》和《哲学研究》中,所阐述的语言的图像说和语言游戏两个概念。前期的语言图像说认为语言的命题代表事态的逻辑图像,语言即是世界的对应,可见语言与世界的关系被置于静止对应的逻辑关系中。后期思想中更加关注日常语言活动,引入语言游戏的概念,包含了语言及其相关活动的语境,使意义在不同的语境中产生,意义即存在于使用中,终极静止的意义不可言说。
Wittgenstein’s fore and aft thoughts pay attention to the essence of language, the ways in which language manifests the world, but there are also differences. This article focuses on the analysis of the two concepts of image-speaking language and language game in the two books of Logic Philosophy and Philosophy Studies before and after VV’s. The pre-linguistic image states that the proposition of language represents the logical image of the situation. Language is the correspondence of the world. Therefore, the relationship between language and the world is placed in a static logical relationship. In the latter part of the thought, we pay more attention to daily language activities and introduce the concept of language games, which include the contexts of language and related activities, so that meaning comes into being in different contexts, meaning exists in use, and the meaning of ultimate silence can not be stated.