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清代河南省级官员的司法作为体现在具体的司法实践中,司法实践是国家法律法规在地方社会中的实际运作过程。在这个运作过程中,社会各阶层从自身利益出发,对国家法律法规既有遵守又有抵触,甚至公开对抗从而形成违法犯罪,故而造成各种类型的司法事务。清代的河南司法事务繁多、关系错综复杂,涉及国泰民安的主要有盐硝非法买卖,利用秘密教门蛊惑民众、对抗朝廷进而扰乱社会秩序,也有事发朝廷或者他省而牵涉到河南的司法事务。清代地方司法事务是省级官员施政的主要内容之一。以督抚为首的河南省级官员从维护地方稳定发展和国家长治久安出发,针对具体的司法事务采取不同的处置措施,以期从根本上杜绝同类事件的再次发生。省级官员尤其是掌握一省最高司法权的督抚大员,在处理地方司法事务时上要报朝廷、下要责成州县官办理,或者亲自督办。清代河南省级官员的司法作为不仅反映在如何依法处理司法事务的过程中,更重要的是在稳定河南、稳定大清王朝政权中发挥的重要作用。
Judicial practice of Henan provincial officials in Qing Dynasty is embodied in specific judicial practice. Judicial practice is the actual operation process of national laws and regulations in local society. In this course of operation, all social strata, starting from their own interests, have both observed and contradictory laws and regulations in the country and have even confronted them openly to form criminal offenses, thus resulting in various types of judicial affairs. In the Qing Dynasty, there were many judicial matters in Henan Province, and the relations were complicated. The main problems involving the peace and security of the people were the illegal sale and purchase of salt and salt, the use of secret teachings to deceive the public, confront the court and thus disrupt public order. Some incidents involving the court or other provinces involved Henan’s judicial affairs. Local judicial affairs in Qing Dynasty is one of the main contents of provincial officials’ administration. Henan provincial officials headed by governors, taking safeguarding the steady development of the local area and the long-term peace and stability of the country, have taken different measures to deal with specific judicial affairs so as to prevent the recurrence of similar incidents fundamentally. Provincial officials, especially the supervisors who have the highest judicial power in a province, must report to the court when handling local judicial matters and are responsible for handling the affairs of state magistrates or supervising them personally. The judicial work of Henan provincial officials during the Qing Dynasty was not only reflected in the process of how to handle judicial affairs according to law, but more importantly, played an important role in stabilizing Henan and stabilizing the power of the Qing dynasty.